【论文知识】如何让实验性论文的语言更简洁明了？附举例

要让实验性论文的语言更简洁明了，可以从以下几个方面入手，并参考以下示例：

避免冗长表述：

用简洁的词汇替代复杂的词组。例如，用 “use” 代替 “make use of”，“increase” 代替 “bring about an increase in”。比如在描述实验材料用量增加时，直接写 “the amount of the experimental material increased”，而不是 “there was a bringing about of an increase in the amount of the experimental material”。

删减不必要的修饰语。如果一个形容词或副词对句子核心意义没有关键作用，可考虑删除。如 “the highly significant result”，若 “significant” 本身足以表达重要性，可简化为 “the significant result”。

简化句子结构：

减少从句的嵌套。例如，原句 “After the experiment, which was conducted in a controlled environment where the temperature and humidity were strictly regulated, we found that...” 可简化为 “After the experiment in a controlled environment with regulated temperature and humidity, we found that...”。

把长句拆分成短句。比如 “The samples, which were collected from different locations and had been stored under specific conditions for a long period of time, were then analyzed using a series of complex methods.” 可改写为 “The samples were collected from different locations. They had been stored under specific conditions for a long time. Then they were analyzed using a series of complex methods.”

准确使用专业术语：

确保专业术语使用正确且一致。例如在化学实验论文中，提及某种物质的名称或化学反应名称时，要遵循行业规范，不要随意更改或使用模糊的表述。如 “the oxidation of ethanol” 就不能写成 “the burning-like reaction of alcohol”。

避免过度解释专业术语。如果是本领域内熟知的术语，无需过多解释，除非是面向跨学科读者或首次提出的新术语。比如在物理学论文中提到 “Newton's second law”，无需详细阐述其具体内容，除非有特殊目的。

善用图表辅助说明：

将复杂的数据或流程用图表展示，然后在文中简要提及图表内容。例如，在描述实验中多个样本在不同时间点的测量数据变化时，可制作折线图或柱状图，并在文中写 “Figure 1 shows the variation of the measured values of different samples over time.”，而无需在文中逐一罗列数据。

对于实验装置或流程，如果文字描述较为繁琐，可以提供清晰的示意图，并在文中说明 “See Figure 2 for the schematic diagram of the experimental setup.” 这样可以大大简化对实验装置和流程的文字叙述。

明确指代关系：

使用代词时确保其指代清晰。如 “After the researcher added the reagent to the solution, he heated it.” 这里的 “he” 指代 “the researcher”，“it” 指代 “the solution”，要避免产生歧义。若前文提到多个对象，尽量避免使用容易混淆的代词，可重复对象名称以确保清晰。

对于首次出现的概念或事物，给予明确的命名或定义，后续使用时指代明确。例如，“We defined a new parameter, named it as 'efficiency index'. The efficiency index was then used to evaluate...”